Semantic web services composition

Web services are becoming the most predominant paradigm for distributed computing and electronic business. They are self-contained Internet accessible applications that are capable not only of performing business activities on their own, but they also possess the ability to engage with other Web services in order to build new value-added services. Both academic and industrial bodies have been investigating issues regarding service descriptions, discovery and invocation, but automated service composition was somewhat neglected. The latter involves automated methods for constructing a sequence of Web services to achieve a desired goal. In this work we present initial research that focuses on the issue of automated service composition in conjunction with the Semantic Web. In this report we propose a composition engine that will automatically handle the integration of Web services through the use of a Web service description language such as DAML-S, the planning of workflow definitions, scheduling of tasks, status monitoring of the execution process, handling of faults and communication with other entities such as user agents, service registries and other composition engines.peer-reviewe

Predicting Drug-Drug Interactions Using Knowledge Graphs

In the last decades, people have been consuming and combining more drugs than before, increasing the number of Drug-Drug Interactions (DDIs). To predict unknown DDIs, recently, studies started incorporating Knowledge Graphs (KGs) since they are able to capture the relationships among entities providing better drug representations than using a single drug property. In this paper, we propose the medicX end-to-end framework that integrates several drug features from public drug repositories into a KG and embeds the nodes in the graph using various translation, factorisation and Neural Network (NN) based KG Embedding (KGE) methods. Ultimately, we use a Machine Learning (ML) algorithm that predicts unknown DDIs. Among the different translation and factorisation-based KGE models, we found that the best performing combination was the ComplEx embedding method with a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network, which obtained an F1-score of 95.19% on a dataset based on the DDIs found in DrugBank version 5.1.8. This score is 5.61% better than the state-of-the-art model DeepDDI. Additionally, we also developed a graph auto-encoder model that uses a Graph Neural Network (GNN), which achieved an F1-score of 91.94%. Consequently, GNNs have demonstrated a stronger ability to mine the underlying semantics of the KG than the ComplEx model, and thus using higher dimension embeddings within the GNN can lead to state-of-the-art performance

PervasIve nursing and docToral Assistant (PINATA)

Providing patient-centric health care services is the goal of health-care institutions. However, due to human-related aspects, this goal is frequently undermined. PINATA offers an automated patient-centric system based upon Pervasive Ambience Intelligence techniques and enriched with Semantic Web technologies. The system makes use of RFID sensors to track the movements of patients and medical staff in order to direct staff effectively. An automated camera system monitors the patients and alerts hospital staff in case of emergencies. Through handheld devices hospital staff is automatically provided with relevant patient information gathered from various sources. PINATA is based on a Service Oriented Architecture and makes use of domain specific ontologies.peer-reviewe

Service discovery and composition : PreDiCtS approach

The proliferation of Web Services is fostering the need for service-discovery and composition tools to provide more personalisation during the service retrieval process. In this paper, we describe the motivating details behind PreDiCtS, a framework for personalised service-retrieval. In our approach we consider that similar service composition problems can be tackled in a similar manner by reusing and adapting past composition best practices or templates. The proposed retrieval process uses a mixed- initiative technique based on Conversational Case-Based Reasoning (CCBR), that provides i) for a clearer identification of the user’s service requirements and ii) based on these requirements, finds suitable service templates that satisfy the user’s goal. We discuss how retrieval can vary through the use of different CCBR algorithms and how adaptation can be performed over the retrieved templates thus providing the personalisation feature in PreDiCtS.peer-reviewe

Comparing title only and full text indexing to classify web pages into bookmark categories

Web browser bookmark files are used to retain and organise records of web sites that the user would like to revisit. However, bookmark files tend to be under-utilised, as time and effort is needed to keep them organised. We use two methods to index and automatically classify documents referred to in 80 bookmark files, based on document title-only and full-text indexing, respectively. We evaluate the indexing methods by selecting a bookmark entry to classify from a bookmark file, and recreating the bookmark file so that it contains only entries created before the selected bookmark entry. Classification based on full-text indexing generally outperforms that based on document title only indexing. The ability to recommend the correct category at rank 1 using full-text indexing ranges from 20% to 41%, depending on the number of category members. However, combining the approaches results in a increase to 37% — 59%, but we would need to recommend up to two categories to users. By recommending up to 10 categories, this increases to 58% — 80%.peer-reviewe

A pervasive assistant for nursing and doctoral staff

This work was carried out within the PINATA project, funded by the Malta Council for Science and Technology (http://www.mcst.org.mt) and done in collaboration with St.James Hospital Malta (http://stjameshospital.com). The project was also supported by the Ministry of Technology (http://www.miti.gov.mt).The goal of health-care institutions is to provide patient- centric health care services. Unfortunately, this goal is frequently undermined due to human-related aspects. The PervasIve Nursing And docToral Assistant (PINATA) provides a patient-centric system powered with Ambience Intelligence techniques and Semantic Web technologies. Through PINATA, the movement of patients and medical staff is tracked via RFID sensors while an automated camera system monitors the interaction of people within their environment. The system reacts to particular situations autonomously by directing medical staff towards emergencies in a timely manner and providing them with just the information they require on their handheld devices. This ensures that patients are given the best care possible on a 24/7 basis especially when the medical staff is not around.peer-reviewe

SEMANTEXPLORER : a semantic web browser

The Semantic Web will be the keystone in the creation of machine accessible domains of information scattered around the globe. All information on the World Wide Web will be semantically enhanced with metadata that makes sense to both human and intelligent information retrieval agents. For the Semantic Web to gain ground it is therefore very important that users are able to easily browse through such metadata. In line with such philosophy we are presenting SemantExplorer, a Semantic Web Browser that enables metadata browsing, provides visualization of different levels of metadata detail and allows for the integration of multiple information sources to provide a more complex and complete view of Web resources.peer-reviewe

Visual modeling of OWL-S services

The Semantic Web is slowly gathering interest and becoming a reality. More people are becoming aware of this and are trying to embed Semantic Web technologies into their applications. This involves the use of tools that can handle rapid ontology building and validation in an easy and transparent manner. In the area of Semantic Web Web Services (SWWS) an OWL-S specification defines a set of ontologies through which a semantic description of the service can be created. At times this is not an easy task and could result in an incorrect specification of the description or even lead the fainthearted user to resort to some other type of description language. This paper describes the OWL-S editor tool that provides two methodologies in which such a web services description can be developed without exposing the developer to the underlying OWL-S syntax. These methodologies are based on a mapping from WSDL to OWL-S and on modeling a composite service using standard UML Activity Diagrams.peer-reviewe

Personalization for the Semantic Web III

This report provides an overview of the achievements of working group A3 for bringing personalization functionality to the Semantic Web. It continues the work started in the deliverable A3-D1 and A3-D4. In the deliverable at hand, we report on a successfully held workshop on Semantic Web Personalization at the 3rd European Semantic Web Conference, and the research results on techniques and algorithms for enabling personalization in the Semantic Web, and achievements on developing suitable architectures for the personalized information systems in the Semantic Web.peer-reviewe

Semantic Web Services Composition

Web services are becoming the most predominant paradigm for distributed computing and electronic business. They are self-contained Internet accessible applications that are capable not only of performing business activities on their own, but they also possess the ability to engage with other Web services in order to build new value-added services. Both academic and industrial bodies have been investigating issues regarding service descriptions, discovery and invocation, but automated service composition was somewhat neglected. The latter involves automated methods for constructing a sequence of Web services to achieve a desired goal. In this work we present initial research that focuses on the issue of automated service composition in conjunction with the Semantic Web. In this report we propose a composition engine that will automatically handle the integration of Web services through the use of a Web service description language such as DAML-S, the planning of workflow definitions, scheduling of tasks, status monitoring of the execution process, handling of faults and communication with other entities such as user agents, service registries and other composition engines